Sierra Leone is bounded within the north-west, south west and north-east by the Republic Guinea, on the south-east by the Republic of Liberia and even on south-west by the Atlantic Water. It has an area of twenty-seven, 925 square mls. The colony involving Sierra Leone originated from the sale plus cession in 1787 by native chiefs to English settlers of the piece involving land intended being a home for Photography equipment settlers who have been waifs working in london and even later it was used as some sort of settlement for separated African slaves. Typically the hinterland was reported a British Protectorate on 21st Aug, 1896. Sierra Leone attained independence about 27th April, 1961 and became some sort of Republic in year 1971. Education is provided by both non-public and state-sponsored colleges. The current system of education is 6-3-4-4 (that is six years Primary school, 36 months Youngster Secondary School, several years Senior Secondary School and 4 decades tertiary/higher education. This specific system is associated by non- elegant education.
CONCEPT REGARDING EDUCATION AND LEARNING
Education will be frequently employed in typically the sense of coaching in the class room, laboratory, workshop or domestic science room and consists principally inside the imparting by simply the teacher, and the acquisition by pupils, of data and mental since well as handbook skills. A broader meaning than training is that involving schooling. Frankly most that goes on in the school since part of typically the pupil’s life right now there. It includes, among other things, relationship in between pupils and educators, pupils and students both in and outside the school. J. S. Mill (1931) opined that what ever helps to condition the human staying; to make typically the individual what this individual is or impede him from getting what he could be not necessarily is part of his / her education. Implicitly schooling is lifelong and ubiquitous; it’s the quantity total of just about all influences which go to make a person what he is, by birth to passing away. It includes the home, our neighbors, and the street among others.
Education is to be able to some extent a new deliberate planned procedure devised and executed by the mentor with all the purpose associated with imbuing the learner with certain information, skills, of thoughts and body since well as ways of behavior deemed desirable. In part it is the learner’s individual respond to the atmosphere in which he lives. Education features three focal points: the individual/person upon whom the educator’s influences are brought to bear; typically the society or group to which they belongs; and typically the whole context regarding reality within which often the individual and even society play their particular part. Man is definitely a social animal; he grows as a person through the particular impact of personality on personality; plus even for his / her basic physical requires he depends on the help and cooperation associated with his fellow guys and women. With no society and typically the mutual support and even enrichment of activities which it offers world is impossible and the life regarding man, in Hobbes’ words, is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short. inches
One of typically the fundamental facts involving human existence is the tension involving the pull of typically the past and the forward urge into the future, among stability and modification, tradition and development. For effective lifestyle, man needs a group of friends of security, the area of founded habits and relationship which forms reliable relationships. This is usually also true involving society. For its effective functioning there must be a continuity of practices and outlook which in turn preserves its identification as a society and safeguards it up against the disruptive outcomes of change. Modification must be for life and not static but this alter in turn need to be controlled by simply the basic traditions of society. That is tradition which provides a nation its character and distinctiveness as a modern society. The conservation regarding tradition therefore is definitely obviously crucial.
It has been known from time immemorial that the conservation of traditional schooling has a crucial part to play in the progress the child. Typically the children these days are the adults of down the road; they must be trained therefore, to inherit and perpetuate the particular beliefs and ways of life distinct to the specific society to which often they belong. With regard to every society provides the desire to protect itself not just physically but as neighborhood consciously sharing certain aims, ideals plus patterns of behaviour. This type associated with education is not really necessarily formal throughout schools through class instruction but that will effected indirectly via the family in addition to throughout the impact on the individual of social influences in addition to customs which the child cannot evade. In Sierra Leone this social education included elaborate ceremonies of initiation concerning feats of stamina through which young adult men and women need to prove themselves worth the community. The particular ultimate goal was basically to produce someone who was honest, respectful, competent, cooperative, and who could adapt the particular social order of the day. Because Aristotle once explained “the constitution regarding a state is going to suffer if schooling is neglected. The citizens of some sort of state should constantly be educated to suit the constitution in the state. The type of character best suited to a cosmetic is the influence which continues to be able to sustain this this is also the state force which originally created it” (p. I).
CLASSIC EDUCATION IN MODERN SOCIETY
Traditional education offers both a creative in addition to conservation function inside society; it is just a highly effective means of protecting a society’s customs, if not tradition. Previously the mother nature and needs of society played a vital part in determining the size of education. Professor E. V. C. Jeffreys (1950) once had written in his guide, Glaucon, that “in a tranquil society the academic system may are likely to reflect typically the social pattern, when social uneasiness and instability create possibility for using training as an device of social change”(p. 7). A comparable view was distributed by John Dewey (1897) who opined that through schooling society can come up with its very own purposes, can organize its very own means and resources and thus conserve itself with definiteness and economy within the direction in which in turn it wishes to be able to move. احسن جامعة فى مصر towards the previous and the upcoming; inevitably it displays the traditions and even character of community. Traditional education may be used to prepare for changes in society plus anticipate and stop modifications or the associated with changes in community.
Traditional education sustains and hands on the customs and even ways of existence which constitute the smoothness of a modern society and maintains it is unity. It likewise helps society in order to interpret its capabilities in new ways to be able to meet the issues of change, seeking ways or lines of development which can be consistent with the particular traditions and customs and will at the same time raise society into a more complete completion of itself.
CONVENTIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN SIERRA LEONE
Record reveals that right now there were no official schools where young children were educated throughout Pre-colonial Sierra Leone. The Poro and Bondo/Sande Secret Societies were thought about like institutions to train youngsters. They were bush schools. And the education these rose bush schools provided was informal. Children that experienced these key societies were regarded capable of carrying out there their civic tasks. They became adults and can get married to and start lifestyle. They considered on their own as you family. Inside of other words equally Secret Societies developed sense of comradeship and unity amongst members irrespective involving family, clan or even ethnic affiliation. It was therefore regarded that children who else had not gone through these secret organizations were not totally matured.
The Poro Secret Society is definitely for boys. Typically the spiritual head regarding the Poro Culture is Pa Gbonu, seen only by older graduates or members. The physical heads are the particular Pa Sama Yorgbors and Pa Somanos. They direct typically the activities in the institution. The senior course instructors are the Pennsylvania Kashis, who normally teach and present instructions to additional initiators. The Pa Manchiyas function as professors to the starts while the Kachemas will be the scaring spirits. They scare the particular women and young children alike together with the fresh initiates. The Rakas are the charge boys carrying emails around. The Yambas are the head boys. The Bomos will be the senior prefects as the Sayboms are usually the prefects; and the monitors are the Gbanaboms. Informal is held in typically the Secret Poro Bush. The subjects taught include Creative Practical Arts, Performing Artistry, Practical Agriculture, Remedies i. e. usage of local herbs to the treatment of various ailments), warfare in addition to other skills. Found in Creative Practical Arts initiates are educated how to produce fishing nets, containers, mats, and making wood and cleaning soap stones into distinct objects such while animals and people; in Performing Martial arts initiates are trained singing, dancing in addition to the use involving Poro musical devices. In Practical Agriculture initiates practice producing. Boys are educated to bear hardship with out complaint and grow accustomed to it. Hence they can be taken in order to the farms associated with their teachers and elders to do the job on pro vale basis. However throughout the harvest period initiates could move across these farms getting whatever they want and eat with no being questioned simply by farm owners. Starts are taught in order to respect elders and use of weapons to kill animals. In a similar vein initiates are usually taught how to be able to use guns in fighting in protection of their neighborhoods. Other skills initiates are taught contain making fish traps, fishing and camping net, and basketry. Within the use of herbs initiates spend money (some openly given) for curing various sicknesses and with protection against foes, evil spirits plus snake bites. Starts who wish to cause hurt to others using herbs could ‘redeem’ the herb/medicine concerned. Over all initiates are taught a new new Language talked only by associates called Ke Sornor. For example fonka trika meaning I will be talking to a person; fonka bonomi that means Talk to me. The work with of this latest Language makes graduates very proud and feel different from non-initiates. Graduates are available out with fresh names such since Lamp, Langba and even Kolerr. A college graduation ceremony climaxes typically the event.